On a summer afternoon in 2009, eight Kaiser Permanente doctors met in Pasadena to review the HMO's most prescribed drugs in Southern California. Sun blasted through the windows and the room had no air conditioning, but what unsettled the doctors most were the slides a pharmacist was presenting.
“We were doing so much work treating people with hypertension and diabetes, we thought those drugs would be on the list,” said Dr. Joel Hyatt, then Kaiser's quality management director in Southern California.